L Carnitine Linus Pauling Institute Oregon State University Synthesis of TMA and malic semialdehyde from L carnitine, postulated Download Scientific Diagram Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( Unraveling the Formation Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N Oxide and Its Inhibition by Food Ingredients: Toward Cardioprotective Food Development Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Full article: Trimethylamine N oxide formation, the bacterial taxa involved and intervention strategies to reduce its concentration in the human body Full article: Gut microbiota derived TMAO drives the kidney bone vascular axis in chronic kidney disease complications